In the skin, appearance and functionality are closely intertwined. The skin barrier contributes in complex ways to beauty and to the health of the skin and entire body. 

A dysfunctional skin barrier contributes to:

An intact skin barrier helps maintain healthy-looking, plump, elastic, smooth, evenly colored skin: 

  • By keeping the skin hydrated; it’s a moisture barrier.
  • By producing fats and proteins and cells for skin thickness and elasticity.
  • By maintaining a synchronized cycle of skin cell shedding and replacement to prevent skin shedding in scales.
  • By collaborating with immune cells in the skin to prevent inflammation, redness, and itching.

Some of the things that our skin barrier helps protect us from:

  • Irritants and allergens
  • Bacterial and fungal infections
  • Ultraviolet (UV) radiation
  • Chemicals in skincare, beauty, household, and industrial products, and in the air and water. 
  • Physical harm
  • Food allergies

Potentially harmful chemicals may enter the body through a “leaky” or damaged skin barrier. But even a healthy skin barrier is not impervious, which is why it’s important to use clean products that have been screened for possibly toxic ingredients. Ingredients from chemical sunscreens are have been found inside the body and in the blood.

Some of the things our skin barrier helps retain in the body:

  • Water
  • Extracellular fluid

Keeping water inside the body is about more than keeping skin plump. Without a functional skin barrier, for example when burns are extensive, water loss could be fatal. Additionally, adequate water keeps skin cells healthy and functioning. In research, a common way to assess how well the skin barrier is functioning is to measure loss of water through the skin— trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL). 

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This article is for informational purposes only, and is designed to supplement, not to substitute for, consultation with medical professionals. Content is based on scientific research published in peer-reviewed journals, publications from the National Institutes of Health and other medical and scientific organizations, and communications from scientists and licensed healthcare practitioners.

April 22, 2024